The Bower


  • Address: East side of Bowers Rd
  • Vicinity: Just S of Opequon Creek
  • Travel Genus: Sight
  • Sight Category: Building

The Bower sits majestically atop a hill overlooking old Warm Springs Road and Opequon Greek, commanding a scenic view of unspoiled rural beauty, in the western end of Jefferson County, West Virginia. "The Bower", as the name suggests, is set among large groves of oak trees (as well as other species) which gives the setting a serene, wooded appearance.

"The Bower" is basically a Federal style building that has been "Gothicised", while containing some classical elements as well. The basic, Federal style, building was constructed by slave labor in 1805-06 and "Gothicised" in 1881. A disastrous fire gutted the interior of "The Bower" in March of 1892, though it did not damage the walls significantly. The house was carefully restored immediately afterward, using the same floor plan, room designs, and exterior features as existed prior to the fire. - NRHP, December, 1981


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Timeline

Y/M/D Person Association Description Composition Food Event
Y/M/D Person Association Description Composition Food Event
1750/05/10 Adam Stephen Owner General Stephen buys "The Bower" property.
1753/00/00 Adam Stephen Home Adam Stephen begins living at his "Bower Lodge".
1780/00/00 Ann Stephen Hunter Owner Gen Stephen gives The Bower property to his daughter Ann Stephen and her husband, Cap Alexander Spottswood Dandridge. The couple will resided here until Alexander S Dandridge's death in 1785.
1785/04/00 Alexander Spotwood Dandridge Died Captain Alexander Spotswood Dandridge dies at home.
1791/00/00 "The Bower" property passes, upon the death of General Stephen in 1791, to his only grandchild, Adam Stephen Dandridge I.
1801/01/01 Sarah Pendleton marries Adam Stephen Dandridge and, soon after, construction begins on "The Bower" mansion.
1806/00/00 Built by Black slave labor, the home of Adam and Sarah Dandridge and their rapidly growing family is completed. The couple had six children, one of whom, Mary Evelina, married Robert M T Hunter, future CSA Secretary of State.
1833/00/00 At the death of Adam Dandridge, The Bower passes to his son, Adam Stephen Dandridge II, who married Serena Pendleton. The home became a center for county social events. A gentleman farmer, Dandridge farmed and bred horses on his 1000 acres estate.
1862/09/28 Fitzhugh Lee Guest Invited by Adam Stephen Dandridge II, General Wade Hampton and General Fitzhugh Lee arrive at The Bower, encamping in a nearby oak grove.
1862/09/28 Wade Hampton III Guest Invited by Adam Stephen Dandridge II, General Wade Hampton and General Fitzhugh Lee arrive at The Bower, encamping in a nearby oak grove.
1862/09/28 James Ewell Brown Stuart Guest General Stuart arrives at The Bower, where he and his staff are invited to set up headquarters by Adam Stephen Dandridge II. Stuart had his tent placed in the shade of a large oak tree (known later as "Stuart's Oak") on the front lawn of The Bower.
1862/10/00 Robert E Lee Life In the fall of 1862 after the return of the army from Maryland, J E B Stuart buys a mare bred by Mr Stephen Dandridge "Lucy Long" for Robert E Lee.
1862/10/00 While serving with J E B Stuart, novelist John Easton Cooke writes under the trees of "The Bower".
1862/10/10 James Ewell Brown Stuart Guest Stuart and his command stay at "The Bower", enjoying restful merry-making, endless rounds of balls, parties and flirtations (the Dandridge's had six daughters). Gen Stuart left on October 10, 1862 on his raid into Pennsylvania.
1862/10/17 After another week, the remainder of the command leave "The Bower" and re-joined Stuart, now camped at Leesburg, Virginia, leaving "The Bower" with many memories of an almost "fairy-tale" experience.
1877/05/03 Danske Bedinger Dandridge Bride Danske Dandridge marries Adam Stephen Dandridge III at "The Bower". They lived there for a time before moving to the nearby estate of "Rose Brake".
1881/00/00 Lemuel P Dandridge inherits The Bower". His son, of Edmund Pendleton Dandridge, was a well respected scholar and graduate of Oxford, who became Episcopal Bishop of TN, serving in that post for 20 years.
1892/03/00 A fire guts much of the interior of The Bower, though it was re-built to the original design and with the original walls intact.

Data »

Particulars for The Bower:
Area of Significance Agriculture
Area of Significance Architecture
Criteria Architecture-Engineering
Sight Category Building
Architectural Style Federal Style
Architectural Style Gothic Revival
Criteria Historic Event
Area of Significance Literature
Area of Significance Military
Criteria Person
Owner Private
Historic Use Single dwelling



US National Registry of Historic Places Data »

Accurate at time of registration:

PLACE DETAILS
Registry Name:
Registry Address:
Registry Number: 82004321
Resource Type:
Owner: Private
Architectural Style: Gothic revival, Federal
CULTURAL DETAILS
Level of Significance: State
Area of Significance: Military, Literature, Architecture, Agriculture
Applicable Criteria: Event, Architecture-Engineering, Person
Period of Significance: 1875-1899, 1850-1874, 1800-1824, 1825-1849
Significant Year: 1805, 1862, 1881
Associated People: Dandridge,Danske Bedinger
Historic Function: Domestic
Historic Sub-Function: Single dwelling
Current Function: Vacant, not in use
Current Sub-Function:

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